Neutrosophic Overset, Neutrosophic Underset, and Neutrosophic Offset

No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, including photocopying or using any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owners. [1] were defined for the first time by the author in 1995 and presented to various international and national conferences and seminars [14-35] between 1995-2016 and first time published [1-9, 13] in 2007. They are totally different from other sets/logics/probabilities/statistics. We extended the neutrosophic set respectively to Neutrosophic Overset {when some neutrosophic component is > 1}, Neutrosophic Underset {when some neutrosophic component is < 0}, and to Neutrosophic Offset {when some neutrosophic components are off the interval [0, 1], i.e. some neutrosophic component > 1 and other neutrosophic component < 0}. This is no surprise with respect to the classical fuzzy set/ logic, intuitionistic fuzzy set/ logic, or classical/ imprecise probability, where the values are not allowed outside the interval [0, 1], since our real-world has numerous examples and applications of over-/under-/off-neutrosophic components. 12 Example: In a given company a full-time employer works 40 hours per week. Let's consider the last week period. Helen worked part-time, only 30 hours, and the other 10 hours she was absent without payment; hence, her membership degree was 30/40 = 0.75 < 1. John worked full-time, 40 hours, so he had the membership degree 40/40 = 1, with respect to this company. But George worked overtime 5 hours, so his membership degree was (40+5)/40 = 45/40 = 1.125 > 1. Thus, we need to make distinction between employees who work overtime, and those who work full-time or part-time. That's why we need to associate a degree of membership strictly greater than 1 to the overtime workers. Now, another employee, Jane, was absent without pay for the whole week, so her degree of membership was 0/40 = 0. Yet, Richard, who was also hired as a full-time, not only didn't come to work last week at all (0 worked hours), but he produced, by accidentally starting a devastating fire, much damage to the company, which was estimated at a value half of his salary (i.e. as he would have gotten for working 20 hours that week). Therefore, his membership degree has to be less that Jane's (since Jane produced no damage). Whence, Richard's degree of membership, with respect to this company, was-20/40 =-0.50 < 0. Thus, we need to make distinction between employees …